Studies Show
"Studies Show"
Medical students and medical residents at the University of Vermont have written the following patient summaries. They summarize previously published medical studies. These summaries are provided to help consumers increase their knowledge of recent findings in medicine and assist in staying healthy and getting the best treatment possible. All summaries are reviewed by Dr. Virginia Hood of the University of Vermont College of Medicine and Fletcher Allen Health Care.
This project is supported by the Frymoyer Scholars Program.
Information in these summaries should not be viewed as medical advice. The information is provided for educational purposes. You should not change any treatments or medication without first talking to your healthcare provider.
Click on the highlighted article title to view the patient summary. Also when available there is a link to the abstract of the article.
Calcium Plus Vitamin D Supplementation and the Risk of Fractures
Summarized by, Lauren Bellville, Medical Assistant, Fletcher Allen Health Care.
Summarized from "Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and the risk of fractures." Jackson, R.D. et al. New England Journal of Medicine, February 16, 2006, Volume 354, Number 7, Pages 669-683.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine
Treatment of Anemia in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Summarized by Eleanor L. Mesler, Pharm D. Renal Pharmacist, Fletcher Allen Health Care.
Summarized from "Correction of anemia with epoetin alfa in chronic kidney disease." Singh AK et al. New England Journal of Medicine, November 16, 2006, Volume 355, Number 29, Pages 2085-98.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Effect of Very High-Intensity Statin Therapy on Reversal of Coronary Atherosclerosis
Summarized by Andrew Boyer, College of Medicine, University of Vermont.
Summarized from "Effects of Very High-Intensity Statin Therapy on Regression of Coronary Atherosclerosis: the ASTEROID trial." Nissen, S.E. et al. Journal of the American Medical Association, April 5, 2006, Vol. 295, No. 13, Pages 1556-65.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria
Summarized by Scot Millay, College of Medicine, University of Vermont
from "Community associated Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Pediatric Patients." Ochoa, Theresa J et al. Emerging Infectious Disease. June 2005, Volume 11, Number 6, pages 966-968.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Antibiotics for Infectious Conjunctivitis
Summarized by Paul Rosenau, MD, Pediatrics Residency, University of Vermont.
Summarized from "A Randomised Controlled Trial of Management Strategies for Acute Infective Conjunctivitis in General Practice." Everitt H.A. et al. British Medical Journal, August 12, 2006, Vol. 333, page 321.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Treatment of Pregnancy Related Diabetes
Summarized by Anna Benvenuto, College of Medicine, University of Vermont
Summarized from "Effect of Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Pregnancy Outcomes". Crowther, C. et al. New England Journal of Medicine, June 16, 2005, Volume 352, pages 2477-2486.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Natural Childbirth after Previous Cesarean Delivery
Summarized by Anna Benvenuto, College of Medicine, University of Vermont
Summarized from "Maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with a trial of labor after prior cesarean delivery". Landon MB. New England Journal of Medicine. December 16, 2004. Volume 351, Number 25, pages 2581-2589.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Risks of Midlife Pregnancy
Summarized by Anna Benvenuto, College of Medicine, University of Vermont.
Summarized from "Impact of Maternal Age on Obstetric Outcome". Cleary-Goldman J. et al. Obstetrics and Gynecology. May 2005, Volume 105, pages 983-990
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Prevention of Premature Births with Supplemental Progesterone
Summarized by Anna Benvenuto, College of Medicine, University of Vermont.
Summarized from "Prevention of Recurrent Preterm Delivery by 17 Alpha- Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate". Meis PJ et al. The New England Journal of Medicine. June 12, 2003, Volume 348, Number 24, pages 2379-2385.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Breast Biopsy - Which Method is Better
Summarized by Talia K. Ben-Jacob, College of Medicine, University of Vermont.
Summarized from "Image-guided breast surgery." Nurko J, et al. American Journal of Surgery, October 2005, Volume 190, Number 4, Pages 221-227.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Shock Wave Treatment of Kidney Stones is Associated With Long-term Risks of Diabetes Mellitus and High Blood Pressure
Summarized by Michael S. Ashton, College of Medicine, University of Vermont.
Summarized from "Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension Associated With Shock Wave Lithotripsy of Renal and Proximal Ureteral Stones at 19 Years of Followup." Krambeck, A.E. et al. The Journal of Urology, May 2006, Volume 175, pages 1742-1747.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine
Can Drug Treatment of Prehypertension Prevent Hypertension?
Summarized by Sahir Kalim, College of Medicine, University of Vermont.
Summarized from "Feasibility of Treating Prehypertension with an Angiotensin-Receptor Blocker." Julius S. et al. New England Journal of Medicine, April 20, 2006, Volume 354, Number 16, Pages 1685-97.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Comparison of Continuous versus Occasional Kidney Dialysis and Organ Failure
Summarized by Wesley D. Mcmillian, Pharm D. Resident in Pharmacy, Fletcher Allen Health Care.
Continuous venovenous haemodiafiltration versus intermittent haemodialysis for acute renal failure in patients with multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome: a multicentre randomised trial. Vinsonneau C. et. al. Lancet, July 29, 2006, Volume 368, Pages 379-385.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Supplemental Oxygen During and After Surgery and the Risk of Surgical Wound Infection
Summarized by Carl Kapadia, College of Medicine, University of Vermont
Summarized from "Supplemental Perioperative Oxygen and the Risk of Surgical Wound Infection: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Belda, F.J. et al., Journal of the American Medical Association, October 26, 2005, Volume 294, Number 16, pages 2035-2042.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Echinacea for Preventing and Treating Colds
Summarized by Dan Goodyear, MD, Family Medicine Resident, Fletcher Allen Health Care.
Summarized from "An evaluation of Echinacea angustifolia in experimental rhinovirus infections". Turner R. B. et al., New England Journal of Medicine, July 28, 2005, Volume 353, Number 4, pages 341-348.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Duration of Lactation and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes
Summarized by Jean Andersson Swayze, MD, Family Medicine Resident, Fletcher Allen Health Care.
Summarized from "Duration of Lactation and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes". Stuebe A. M. et al., Journal of the American Medical Association, November 23, 2005, Volume 294, Number 20, pages 2601-2610.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Breast Cancer Implications of Insulin, Activity, and Diet
Summarized by Beth Gibbons, MD, General Surgery Residency, Fletcher Allen Health Care.
Summarized from "Insulin, Physical Activity, and Caloric Intake in Postmenopausal Women: Breast Cancer Implications". Chlebowski R. et al., Journal of Clinical Oncology, November 2004, Volume 22, Number 22, pages 4507-4513.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Gene Testing to Determine Chemotherapy Need
Summarized by Vanetta Levesque, MD, General Surgery Residency, Fletcher Allen Health Care.
Summarized from "A Multigene Assay to Predict Recurrence of Tamoxifen-Treated, Node-Negative Breast Cancer". Paik S. et al., New England Journal of Medicine December 2004, Volume 351, Number 27, pages 2817-2826.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
MRI for High-Risk Breast Cancer Screening
Summarized by Rosiane Alfinito, College of Medicine, University of Vermont.
Summarized from "Efficacy of MRI and Mammography for Breast-Cancer Screening in Women with a Familial or Genetic Predisposition." Kriege M, et al., New England Journal of Medicine, July 2004, Volume 351, Number 5, pages 427-437.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Digital versus Film Mammography for Breast Cancer Screening
Summarized by Jenna Williams, College of Medicine, University of Vermont
Summarized from "Diagnostic Performance of Digital versus Film Mammography for Breast-Cancer Screening." Pisano E. et al., New England Journal of Medicine, October 27, 2005, Volume 353, Number 17, pages 1773-1783.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Cinnamon for Type 2 Diabetes
Summarized by Raphael Bielinski MD, Family Medicine Resident, Flecher Allen Health Care, Burlington, Vermont
Summarized from "Cinnamon Improves Glucose and lipids of People with Type 2 Diabetes". Khan, A. et al. Diabetes Care, December 2003, Volume 26, Number 12, Pages 3215-3218.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Drug Therapy and Lifestyle Modification for Weight Loss
Summarized by Carl Kapadia, College of Medicine, University of Vermont
Summarized from "Randomized Trial of Lifestyle Modification and Pharmacotherapy for Obesity." Waddon, T. et al. The New England Journal of Medicine, Nov 17, 2005, Volume 353, pages 2111-2120.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Efficacy of Glucosamine and Chondroitin for Treatment of Osteoarthritis of the Knee
Summarized by Andrea Regan, MD, Family Medicine Resident, Fletcher Allen Health Care.
Summarized from the following three articles.
"Glucosamine, Chondroitin Sulfate, and the Two in Combination for Painful Knee Osteoarthritis." Clegg, Daniel et al. The New England Journal of Medicine, February 23, 2006, Volume 354(8): 795-808.
"Nutritional Supplements for Knee Osteoarthritis—Still No Resolution." Hochberg, Marc. The New England Journal of Medicine, February 23, 2006, Volume 354(8): 858-860.
"Osteoarthritis of the Knee." Felson, David. The New England Journal of Medicine, February 23, 2006, Volume 354(8): 841-848.
Intensive Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus has a Continued Benefit in Slowing the Development or Progression of Kidney Disease.
Summarized by Kurt H. Kelley, College of Medicine, University of Vermont
Summarized from “Sustained Effect of Intensive Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus on Development and Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy: the Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) study.” The Writing Team for the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Research Group. Journal of the American Medical Association, Oct 2003, Volume 290, Number 16, pages 2159-2167.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine
Supplementing Methylphenidate with Zinc to Treat Childhood ADHD
Summarized by Kimberley Cullen, College of Medicine, University of Vermont
Summarized from "Zinc Sulfate as an Adjunct to Methylphenidate for the Treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children: A Double Blind and Randomized Trial". Akhondzadeh, S. et al. BMC Psychiatry, April 8, 2004. Volume, Number 9.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Soy Protein with Isoflavones, but not an Isoflavone Supplement, improves Blood Cholesterol Levels and reduces the risk of Atherosclerosis
Summarized by Kurt H. Kelley, College of Medicine, University of Vermont
Summarized from "Soy Protein With Isoflavones, but not an Isoflavone-Rich Supplement, Improves Arterial Low-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism and Atherogenesis." Wagner, JD et al. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. December 2003, Volume 23, Number 12, pages 2241 - 2246.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Improvement of Motor Function in early Parkinson’s Disease by the drug Safinamide
Summarized by Kurt H. Kelley, College of Medicine, University of Vermont
Summarized from "Improvement of Motor Function in early Parkinson Disease by Safinamide." Stocchi, F. et al. Neurology, Aug 2004, Volume 63, Number 4, pages 746-748.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Effects of a Home Walking Exercise Program on Heart Failure
Summarized by Cindy Huang, College of Medicine, University of Vermont.
Summarized from "Effects of a Home Walking Exercise Program on Functional Status and Symptoms in Heart Failure". Corvera-Tindel, Teresita et. al. American Heart Journal, February 2004, Volume 147, No.2, Pages 339-346.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
An Investigation of Brain Injury in Newborns
Summarized by Wells Chandler, College of Medicine, University of Vermont.
Summarized from "Neonatal Cerebral White Matter Injury in Preterm Infants is Associated with Culture Positive Infections and Only Rarely with Metabolic Acidosi". Graham, Ernest M. et al. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, October 2004, Volume 191, Number 4, Pages 1305-1310.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Effects of Tea on Blood Pressure
Summarized by Winifred Lee, College of Medicine, University of Vermont
Summarized from "The Protective Effect of Habitual Tea Consumption on Hypertension." Yang, Yi-Ching et al. Archives of Internal Medicine, July 26, 2004, Volume 164. page 1534-1540.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
How Safe Is Medical Management of Stable Coronary Artery Disease?
Summarized by Stanley Kang, College of Medicine, University of Vermont
Summarized from "Long-Term Outcomes of Optimized Medical Management of Outpatients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease". Jabbour, S. et al. The American Journal of Cardiology, February 1, 2004, Volume 93, Number 3, Pages 294-299.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Soya Food Intake and Risk of Endometrial Cancer among Chinese Women in Shanghai
Summarized by Chuan-Ju Gwendolyn Pan, College of Medicine, University of Vermont.
Summarized from "Soya Food Intake and Risk of Endometrial Cancer among Chinese Women in Shanghai: Population Based Case-Control Study". Xu, Wang Hong. et al. BMJ, May 29, 2004, Volume 328, Number 7451, page 1285.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Higher Iron Stores and Increased Risk of Type 2 Diabetes
Summarized by Cindy Huang, College of Medicine, University of Vermont.
Summarized from "Body Iron Stores in Relation to Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Apparently Healthy Women". Jiang, Rui. et al. Journal of the American Medical Association, February 11, 2004, Volume 291, No. 6, Pages 711-717.
Click here to view an abstract from the National Library of Medicine
Leisure Activities Reduce Risk of Dementia in the Elderly
Summarized by Sundip Karsan, College of Medicine, University of Vermont
Summarized from "Leisure Activities and the Risk of Dementia in the Elderly". Verghese, Joe et al. The New England Journal of Medicine, June 19, 2003, Volume 348, Number 25, pages 2508-2516.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine
Super-sizing Cholesterol Lowering Therapy: Are There Benefits?
Summarized by Winifred Lee, College of Medicine, University of Vermont.
Summarized from "Effect of Intensive Compared With Moderate Lipid-Lowering Therapy on Progression of Coronary Atherosclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial". Nissen, Steven E. et al. The Journal of the American Medical Association, March 3, 2004, Volume 291, Number 9, Pages 1071-1080.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
When Time Is Key, Should One Wait For Angioplasty?
Summarized by Stanley Kang, College of Medicine, University of Vermont
Summarized from "A Comparison of Coronary Angioplasty with Fibrinolytic Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction". Andersen, H.R. et al. New England Journal of Medicine, August 21, 2003, Volume 349, Number 8, Pages 733-742.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Statins Promote Alternative Blood Supply to Heart Muscle Threatened by Coronary Artery Disease
Summarized by Winifred Lee, College of Medicine, University of Vermont
Summarized from "Statin Use Is Associated with Enhanced Collateralization of Severely Diseased Coronary Arteries". Pourati, Isaac et al. American Heart Journal, November 2003, Volume 146, Number 5, Pages 876-881.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Predictors and Tracking of Body Mass Index from Adolescence into Adulthood
Summarized by Gina Trachimowicz, College of Medicine, University of Vermont.
Summarized from "Predictors and Tracking of Body Mass Index from Adolescence Into Adulthood". Kvaavik, Elisabeth et. al. Archives of Pediatric & Adolescent, December 2003, Volume 157, Number 12, Pages 1212-1218.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
First Trimester Screening for Trisomies 21 (Down's Syndrome) and 18
Summarized by Shine Gentler, College of Medicine, University of Vermont.
Summarized from "First-Trimester Screening for Trisomies 21 and 18." Wapner, R. et al. New England Journal of Medicine, October 9, 2003, Volume 349, Number 15, Pages 1405 -1413.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Electrical Stimulation of the Brain Can Benefit Some Persons with Advanced Parkinson's Disease
Summarized by Stanley Kang, College of Medicine, University of Vermont.
Summarized from " Five-Year Follow-up of Bilateral Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus in Advanced Parkinson's Disease" Krak, P. et al. New England Journal of Medicine, November 13, 2003, Volume 349, Number 20, Pages 1925-1934.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Cleansing Coronary Arteries with Synthetic HDL
Summarized by Wells Chandler, College of Medicine, University of Vermont.
Summarized from "Effect of Recombinant ApoA-I Milano on Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes: a Randomized Controlled Trial." Nissen, Steven E. et al. Journal of the American Medical Association, November 5, 2003, Volume 290, Number 17, Pages 2292-2300.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Is It Better To Take PTH Together With Alendronate to Treat Osteoporosis?
Summarized by Andrew Tinsley, College of Medicine, University of Vermont.
Summarized from "The Effects of Parathyroid Hormone, Alendronate, or Both in Men with Osteoposis" Finkelstein, Joel S. et al. The New England Journal of Medicine, September 25, 2003, Volume 349, Number 13, Pages 1216-1226.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Inhaled Insulin Can Help Control Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Summarized by Wells Chandler, College of Medicine, University of Vermont.
Summarized from "Inhaled Insulin Provides Improved Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Inadequately Controlled With Oral Agents: A Randomized Controlled Trial". Weiss, Stuart R. et al. The Archives of Internal Medicine, October 27, 2003, Volume 163, Number 19, Pages 2277-2282.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
Childhood Asthma Followed to Adulthood
Summarized by Stanley Kang, College of Medicine, University of Vermont
Summarized from "A Longitudinal, Population-Based, Cohort Study of Childhood Asthma Followed to Adulthood". Sears MR et al. The New England Journal of Medicine, October 9, 2003, Volume 349, Number 15, Pages 1414-1422.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
A New Drug For Controlling Appetite?
Summarized by Wells Chandler, College of Medicine, University of Vermont.
Summarized from "Inhibition of Food Intake in Obese Subjects by Peptide YY 3-36". Batterham, Rachel L. The New England Journal of Medicine, September 4, 2003, Volume 349, Number 10, Pages 941-948.
Click here to view the abstract from the National Library of Medicine.
